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Home Poker Law

Home poker games are not specifically mentioned in the laws that were created to regulate home gambling. But in the past couple of years there has been a wide acceptance of poker by society as a game of skill (although it still has a long way to go). Therefore, it stands to reason that anyone caught organizing or playing in a home poker game will probably not be punished to the full extent of the law. Most home gambling laws were created for 2 reasons: to protect citizens from developing dangerous gambling habits as a results of easy access to gambling establishments and to keep citizens from profiting by running a gambling establishment. Home poker games, for the most part, are not guilty of either of these things. As long as they are unraked and low-stakes they are harmless and although they are breaking the letter of the law, they are abiding by the spirit of the law.

    ALASKA

    Article 2 (Gambling Offenses) in Chapter 66 (Offenses Against Public Health and Decency) states that it is an offense to engage in unlawful gambling, But that it is an "affirmative defense" to prosecution for the person to claim having been part of a "social game". A "social game" is defined as gambling in a home where there is no house player (barring Home Craps and other home casino games), no house money, or no house odds. There must also be no profit from the operation of the game (in poker this is the rake). A home poker game that is not being raked is legal in Alaska and it is legal to possess gambling devices - if it is for a "social game".

    ARIZONA

    Chapter 33, section 13-3301, define "gambling" as risking something of value in a contest of chance or skill. It is unlawful in Arizona unless it falls under the category of "social gambling". "Social gambling" is any gambling that is not a gambling business, and a game where the players are competing on equal terms and are not competing against the house. Home poker games qualify.

    CALIFORNIA

    Chapter 5 is the Gambling Control Act. Section 19801 (a) states: "Gambling can become addictive and is not an activity to be promoted or legitimized as entertainment for children and families." The Act says that permissible gambling is that gambling deemed by the state to not be endangering of public health, safety, or welfare. All gambling must be pre-approved by the state through government licensing. This includes home poker games. One reason I think California may be so strict on home gambling is that because they have an abundance of legal gambling facilities (tons of poker rooms) so the strict laws on illegal gambling are based on the assumption that there won't be much "underground demand" for gambling since the state of California supplies a healthy dose of legal facilities to gamble in. This is just my opinion.

    CANADA

    Part VII of the Canadian Criminal Code has the laws about gaming, betting, and gambling. Section 197 (sub-sections 1-4) defines the terms used in the Law.

        "Common betting house": This is where people get together and play games. There is no 'House' collecting and paying bets, but rather a group of people playing against each other in some game of skill and chance. The host does not collect and pay bets, nor does the host collect a 'rake', as described below.

        "Common gaming house": This is where people are enabled to conduct gaming against a second party. Take Home Craps, for example, where individual players play against the host, or House. When somebody's home is used to for somebody to arrange a game where he or she collects and pays bets, it falls under this definition. Some home gamblers refer to a 'rake', where the host collects a small percentage of all pots to help pay for hosting expenses. Use of 'rakes' also falls under this category.

        "Disorderly house": A general term used to describe either a common betting house, a common gaming house.

        "Game": The game itself, complete with rules and conditions.

        "Keeper": The keeper of the house is the person whose name is on the lease, or is helping the person whose name is on the lease, or is acting on behalf of the person whose name is on the lease.

        "Onus": If somebody is accused of being the keeper of a disorderly house, it's their job to convince a court otherwise. Even if the game is only started at one house and finished at another (ie. long game of Trips to Win), that first house is still a disorderly house.

    Section 198 (only one sub-section) outlines what presumptions can be made by the Law when police officers show up at your door under the suspicion that yours is a disorderly house. They are allowed to assume that yours is such a house if one of the following things happen:

        #1: The police officer was prevented or delayed from entering your house.
        #2: The police officer did not find a game-in-progress, but did find enough gaming equipment (ie. poker chips, Craps tabletop, home roulette wheel, etc.) to make it clear enough.
        #3: The police officer did not find a game-in-progress, but did find gaming equipment on the persons of people in the house (i.e. poker chips in everybody's pockets).
        #4: The police officer did not charge you while you were found in the disorderly house, but after the keeper was convicted and it was proven that you were there, you can be charged.

    Section 199 (sub-sections 1-7) outlines the procedure in dealing with a disorderly house.

        Search: The keeper of the disorderly house and anybody in it may be apprehended with or without a warrant, if the officer can prove that it is a disorderly house.
        Property: The court reserves the right to keep and/or dispose of any evidence (ie. gaming equipment) that it finds in the disorderly house.

    Section 201 (only one sub-section) states that the keeper of the disorderly house and everybody found in it can be punished with a maximum sentence of two years. The word of the law does not specify whether or not the stakes of the game would have an influence on the amount of the punishment.

    FLORIDA

    Section 849 of Florida's Criminal Law states that if you own, operate, manage a house or room used for the purpose of gaming or gambling, you are guilty of a charge in the third degree...unless you are involved in a 'penny-ante game'. According to sub-section 085, a penny-ante game is any game that: Does not contain a pot of more than $10. Does not charge an admission or 'rake' by the host from its players. Is conducted in somebody's home. Is not advertised in advance. Does not contain any player under the age of 18. Debts incurred in such a penny-ante game are not legally enforceable, nor can any participant or host of a penny-ante game be charged in court.

    GEORGIA

    Section 16-12-20 states that it is a misdemeanor if a a person gambles when they play for money in a game of dice, cards, or balls. A "gambling place" is any real estate used for the purpose of gambling. Anyone who keeps a "gambling place" commits a misdemeanor of a high and aggravated nature.

    MICHIGAN

    The Michigan Gaming Control and Revenue Act defines "gambling game" as any dice or card game played for money or some other form of value, "but does not include games played with cards in private homes or residences in which no person makes money for operating the game, except as a player." All laws, crimes, and punishments concerning gambling do not apply to home gambling, so long as no minors are present and so long as the House does not collect a rake. An interesting aspect of the law is that "cheating" applies only to true "gambling". Therefore, since home poker games are not classified as "gambling" then it is not illegal to cheat in a home poker game and therefore someone who cheated could not be punished by the law. I assume there are other laws to cover this situation because, after all, stealing is stealing. Home poker games are legal here as long as the gamblers are of legal age and there is no rake.

    OHIO

    The Ohio Revised Code 2915 defines a "game of chance" as any game offers up something of value for anything determine at largely by chance (cards/dice). Sub-section .03 defines a "gambling house" as a place where "games of chance" are played and that the owner or lessee of such a house is guilty of a first-degree misdemeanor. The law doesn't doesn't make any mention of the people playing in the gambling house.

    OKLAHOMA

    Section 941 states that anyone administering any game of cards or dice for money or anything of value, is guilty of a felony where the penalty is between $500-$2000, and 1-10 years in a state penitentiary. Anyone betting or playing at these prohibited games are guilty of a misdemeanor and have to pay a fine of $25-$100 and 1-30 days in a county jail.

    PENNSYLVANIA

    Section 5513 states that it is a first-degree misdemeanor if that person invites or allows other people to gather in a place of their control for the purpose of unlawful gambling. To "control" a place is to be the owner, lessee, occupant, or tenant. The law doesn't mention those actually doing the illegal gambling, only those hosting it.

    TENNESSEE

    Section 39-17-501 defines "gambling" as risking anything of value for profit, based on a degree of chance. Lawful business transactions, that differentiate game-gambling from business-gambling, are excluded from this definition. A person guilty of gambling has committed a Class C misdemeanor. A person guilty of organizing, promoting, moderating gambling is guilty of a Class B misdemeanor.

    TEXAS

    Section 47.01 prepares the reader with definitions:

        "Gambling place": any real estate where gambling is occuring, versus "Private place"
        "Private Place": any real estate where gambling is occuring that is not open to the public

    Section 47.02 has a partical definition of "gambling" as any act of playing and betting for money or any other item of value, a game of cards, dice, or other. For a valid defense, you need to prove that all the players were competing with equal odds, and that the gamling occured in private. Home poker games are legal in Texas as long as the game is in private, there is financial benfit except for money that is won, and all the players have equal odds of winning. There have been a couple of instances of raids on poker games in Texas but this is mainly due to the fact that there seems to be some really big underground games which are played at clubs. This shouldn't worry anyone hosting a casual game because the games that were busted were basically underground casinos making tons of money.


    VIRGINIA

    Home games with no rake are legal in Virginia.

    § 18.2-334. Exception to article; private residences:

        Nothing in this article shall be construed to make it illegal to participate in a game of chance conducted in a private residence, provided such private residence is not commonly used for such games of chance and there is no operator as defined in subsection 4 of § 18.2-325.

        (Code 1950, § 18.1-327; 1960, c. 358; 1975, cc. 14, 15; 1992, c. 423.)



    WASHINGTON

    ATTENTION WASHINGTON STATE HOME POKER GAME HOSTS AND PLAYERS - Home poker games are permitted in Washington State as long as professional gambling does not occur. The Washington State criminal code defines professional gambling as occurring when a person pays or accepts a fee to participate in a card game (RCW 9.46.0269). No fees may be charged for arranging, facilitating, organizing, or for operating a card game. Persons who are found to be engaging in Professional Gambling are subject to criminal prosecution pursuant to the Revised Code of Washington criminal statutes. The following criminal statutes may help you determine if your are operating legally.

    RCW 9.46.220, Professional Gambling First Degree

        Any person who operates, manages, or profits from the operation of a premises or location where persons are charged a fee to participate in card games is conducting First Degree Professional Gambling, a class B felony.

    RCW 9.46.221, Professional Gambling Second Degree

        Any person who maintains a “gambling premises,” defined in RCW 9.46.0249 as “any building, room, enclosure, vehicle or other place used or intended to be used for professional gambling,” is conducting Professional Gambling in the Second Degree, a class C felony.

    RCW 9.46.222, Professional Gambling in the Third Degree

        Any person who engages in or knowingly causes, aids, abets, or conspires with another to engage in professional gambling and whose conduct does not constitute first or second degree Professional Gambling is guilty of Professional Gambling in the Third Degree. Professional Gambling in the Third Degree is a gross misdemeanor.

    RCW 9.46.0269, Professional Gambling

        (1) A person is engaged in “professional gambling” for the purposes of this chapter [RCW 9.46] when:

          (a) Acting other than as a player or in the manner authorized by this chapter [RCW 9.46], the person knowingly engages in conduct which materially aids any form of gambling activity: or
          (b) Acting other than in a manner authorized by this chapter [RCW 9.46], the person pays a fee to participate in a card game, contest of chance, lottery, or other gambling activity; or
          (c) Acting other than as a player or in the manner authorized by this chapter [RCW9.46], the person knowingly accepts or receives money or other property pursuant to an agreement or understanding with any other person whereby he or she participate in the proceeds of gambling activity; or
          (d) The person engages in bookmaking; or
          (e) The person conducts a lottery; or
          (f) The person violates RCW 9.46.039.

        (2) Conduct under subsection (1)(a) of this section, except as exempted under this chapter [RCW 9.46], includes but not limited to conduct directed toward the creation or establishment of the particular game, contest scheme, device or activity involved, toward establishment of the particular game, contest, scheme, device or activity involved, toward the acquisition or maintenance of premises, paraphernalia, equipment or apparatus therefore, toward the solicitation or inducement of persons to participate therein, toward the actual conduct of the playing phases thereof, toward the arrangement of any of its financial or recording phases, or toward any other phases of its operation. If a person having substantial proprietary or other authoritative control over any premises shall permit the premises to be used with the person’s knowledge for the purpose of conduction gambling activity other than gambling activities authorized by this chapter [RCW 9.46], and acting other than as a player, and the person permits such to occur or continue or makes no effort to prevent its occurrence or continuation, the person shall be considered as being engaged in professional gambling: PROVIDED, That the proprietor of a bowling establishment who awards prizes obtained from player contributions to players successfully knocking down pins upon the contingency of identifiable pins being placed in a specified position or combination of positions, as designated by the posted rules of the bowling establishment, where the proprietor does not participate in the proceeds of the “prize fund” shall not be construed to be engaging in “professional gambling” within the meaning of this chapter: PROVIDED FURTHER, that the books and records of the games shall be open to public inspection.



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COMMENTS:
mrkromer
Oregon Laws February 6, 2009
Yeah, it says that you can't bang the livestock just because it's cold.

mike


Oregon Aces
February 5, 2009
Is there anything on Oregon laws?

lefty
November 17, 2008
Why can i not find any info on home poker laws for colorado??

Chotsworth
May 31, 2008
Hiya,
I am inquiring for anyone's input as to whether dealing for someoe's home game is illegal or not!

If I was to take no rake or hourly charge but charge a service fee before the gme for supplying gear and dealer would that be considered illegal?

I've been asked to do so in Colorado but even so would like to know the legal opinions state to state!

Cheers,
JD


username
May 5, 2008
Hey, I am moving to the Portland area soon and was wondering if you knew anything about Oregon laws for setting up home games. Also, is a 100 dollar buy-in no limit cash game considered "low limit"? thanks for the help.

raronow
February 14, 2008
Hi there. I wanted to discuss gambling law in Ohio. I'm basing my arguments on a copy of the law found at:
http://www.gambling-law-us.com/State-Laws/Ohio/
so I may be out of date.

The definition of "games of chance" (2915.01-D) includes poker. However, there is a separate definition for "games of chance conducted for profit" (2915.01-E) in which someone is running the game for income. The law against gambling (2915.02-A) forbids the latter category (GoCCfP) outright but only forbids the former (GoC) when it is a significant source of income. The section describing a "gambling house" (2915.03) refers back to the prior section (2915.02). There is a third section forbidding games of chance in public places (2915.04).

By these standards, it seems that someone who runs a poker game in a private place is not breaking the law, so long as they don't charge a fee or rake. Similarly, someone playing in such a game would be legal so long as they are not playing professionally.

My thinking is that a recreational, low-stakes home poker game is legal in Ohio. Do you think this is reasonable, or am I making a wishful interpretation?


HomePokerGames Admin
Home Poker Law June 15, 2006
Home Poker Law